DataBase Management System
DBMS – Data Base Management System is a collection of interrelated data and collection of programs to access that data. Database systems are everywhere nowadays and most people interact either directly or indirectly with the databases many times every day. A major purpose of database systems is to provide users with an abstract view of the data. The system hides certain details of how the data is stored and maintained. The Entity-Relationship (ER) model is the widely used data model which provides a convenient and precise graphical representation to view data, relationship, and constraints. SQL (Structured Query Language) is a mostly used language to operate databases worldwide.
Topics Covered
- Explanation of Data Base Management System and Data
- Types or Classification of Data Base Management System
- Relational Databases
- Object-Oriented Databases
- Object-Relational Databases
- Hierarchical Databases
- Network Databases
- Single User
- Multiple Users
Types OR classification of Data Base Management System
On the basis of Data models, DBMS is divided into five types:
1. Relational Databases
This is the most popular data model used in the industries. It is based on the SQL. They are table oriented i.e. data is stored in various access control tables. The tables or the files with the data are called as relations that help in designating the row or record, and columns are referred to attributes and fields. Examples: MYSQL(Oracle or open source), Microsoft SQL server(Microsoft), Oracle database(Oracle), and DB2(IBM).
2. Object-Oriented Databases
The information here is in the form of the objects as used in object-oriented programming. It adds the database functionality to object-oriented programming languages. It requires less code, uses more natural data, and also codebases are easy to maintain and handle. Examples: ObjectDB (ObjectDB software).
3. Object-Relational Databases
Relational DBMS are evolving continuously in the present scenario and they have been incorporating many concepts developed in object databases leading to a new class called extended relational database or object relational database.
4. Hierarchical Databases
In this type, the information about the groups of parent or child relationships is present in the records or in the database which is similar to the structure of a tree. Here the data follows a series of records and a set of values attached to it. They are used in the industry on mainframe platforms. Examples: IMS(IBM), Windows registry(Microsoft).
5. Network Databases
These are generally used on large-scale digital computers. If there are more connections, then this database is efficient than others. These are similar to the hierarchical database, they look like a cobweb or interconnected network of records or data. Examples: CA-IDMS (COMPUTER associates), IMAGE(HP).
On the basis of number of users, network databases are divided into two categories:
- Single User:- Supports only one user at a time. Mostly used with the PCs.
- Multiple User:- Supports multiple users Concurrently.
